多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

家族史：女，31岁，受孕不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

影像平庸：盆腔超音波和MRI T2WI显示腹腔减小，四周囊泡大于12亚厘米。四周腹腔内皮在超音波上极强Echo，MRI上非常高波形。未曾优势上皮细胞。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多囊腹腔综合南征

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

辩论：多囊腹腔综合南征也叫S-L综合南征。是男同性恋受孕的最常见诱因。主要是由于内分泌紊乱导致近十年无排卵和性激素分泌过昌。PCOS典型亦同南征：肥胖、闭经和多毛癫痫。但仅有将近患者平庸为此亦同癫痫。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，需要采用影像检查全面性获取非常多电子邮件。典型的超音波/MRI南哮喘都有：腹腔减小、变圆，肺脏多发网纹泡，腹腔内皮US上极强Echo，T2WI非常高波形。PCOS患者建议近十年随访，因近十年孕酮水平过高，可能会继发肺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自头部影像病例首推）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多囊腹腔综合南征

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 受孕

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 肺脏的

4. follicles n. 网纹

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 极强Echo的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 不育

7. endocrinologic 内分泌的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 性激素过多癫痫

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 量减少

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 多毛癫痫

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 腹腔

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 内皮

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生Echo（性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 孕酮

原开头：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多囊腹腔综合南征